Global shipping
Global shipping is a key pillar of world trade and a vital component of the global economy. From antiquity to the present day, the oceans have played an indispensable role in the exchange of goods and economic development. Today, approximately 90% of world trade is carried out by sea, making it essential to the functioning of the modern world.
The importance of maritime transport in global trade
Sea transport enables the transport of vast quantities of goods over long distances at relatively low cost. This is why it is often the preferred choice for international trade. According to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), it is estimated that international trade involves more than 50 000 merchant ships carrying all types of cargo. The current world fleet is registered in more than 150 countries and employs more than one million seafarers of different nationalities.
Types of maritime transport
Sea container transport
Sea container transport is one of the most efficient methods of transporting goods. The standard containers used are 20′ and 40′ containers, which allow the transport of various types of cargo. Non-standard containers are also available, for example with raised or open roofs, which allow the transport of specific types of goods.
Maritime Collection Service
For smaller shipments, the ocean pick-up service is the ideal choice, allowing intercontinental transportation of unit loads at favourable price conditions. This service is particularly suitable for companies that don’t need a full container but still want to take advantage of the benefits of sea freight.
Maritime transport safety
Maritime safety is a key element of policy in this area. The European Union and the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) are developing uniform internationally recognised safety standards to protect passengers and crew members as well as the marine environment and coastal areas. Key international agreements include the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW).
Economic and environmental challenges
Recent events, such as the Erika and Prestige oil tanker accidents, have led to significant improvements in safety standards. The European Union has adopted several legislative packages aimed at improving the safety of maritime transport and minimising its negative impact on the environment. Other measures include the accelerated revision of EU legislation to take account of international agreements.
The future of maritime transport
Danish shipping company Maersk expects global demand for shipping to continue to increase in the coming quarters, although growth will be slower due to ongoing risks. These expectations reflect the overall state of global trade and suggest that shipping will remain a key player in the globalisation of the economy.
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